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Axios: Fetch Adapter Header Injection via Inherited FormData getHeaders

Type: advisorySource: OSV1 source record

## Summary Axios contains a guard in the Node HTTP adapter to avoid using an inherited `Object.prototype.getHeaders` as a FormData header source. The fetch adapter calls the shared `resolveConfig()` helper before dispatch, and that helper lacks the same guard. If another vulnerability pollutes `Object.prototype` with FormData-like properties and `getHeaders()`, the fetch adapter can merge attacker-controlled headers into the outbound request. Axios does not create the prototype pollution source. This is a read-side gadget in the fetch adapter configuration path. ## Impact An attacker with a prior same-process prototype-pollution primitive can inject headers into fetch-adapter requests. Depending on the target service, this may affect authorization, metadata-service access, cache behavior, conditional request handling, or other application-specific header logic. Plain objects are blocked by current FormData detection. The confirmed path uses arrays or non-plain class instances whose prototype chain can resolve polluted FormData-like properties. ## Affected Functionality Affected: - Fetch adapter requests. - `resolveConfig()` handling of `utils.isFormData(data)`. - Request bodies that can be spoofed as FormData through inherited `Symbol.toStringTag`, `append`, and `getHeaders`. Not affected: - Node HTTP adapter's later FormData header path, which checks `data.getHeaders !== Object.prototype.getHeaders`. - Plain object request bodies rejected by current `isFormData()` plain-obje

Announced Group revision 1
Original source ↗

GHSA-4hqw-qxg8-jxx2

Primary source · Revision 1

Imported from structured advisory data. Source references identify upstream records or fields; verify affected versions and your deployed configuration.

Security context

Source reference: osv:GHSA-4hqw-qxg8-jxx2

axios

Source reference: /affected/0/package/name

Affected versions
Not stated in this record
Fixed versions
1.20.0

Source reference: /affected/0/ranges

Prerequisites
Not stated in this record

Structured affected-version data

Original package identities and version rules from this source.

[
  {
    "ranges": [
      {
        "type": "SEMVER",
        "events": [
          {
            "introduced": "1.12.0"
          },
          {
            "fixed": "1.20.0"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "package": {
      "name": "axios",
      "purl": "pkg:npm/axios",
      "ecosystem": "npm"
    },
    "database_specific": {
      "source": "https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/09/GHSA-4hqw-qxg8-jxx2/GHSA-4hqw-qxg8-jxx2.json"
    }
  }
]
Related CVEs
CVE-2026-101900

Source reference: /aliases

Publisher severity

No explicit severity was provided.

Linked CVE context

These ratings describe the referenced vulnerabilities and products. They are not a severity rating for every application using this dependency.

Event
#39330 · Revision 1
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