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Axios: maxRedirects: 0 is not enforced by the fetch adapter, allowing redirect-based SSRF

Type: advisorySource: OSV1 source record

## Summary Axios exposes `maxRedirects` to limit redirect following, and `maxRedirects: 0` is used by applications as a redirect-based SSRF guard. The Node HTTP adapter enforces this option. The fetch adapter does not read it and does not set a Fetch API `redirect` mode, so the runtime default of `redirect: 'follow'` applies. Applications are affected when they rely on `maxRedirects: 0` and use the fetch adapter, either explicitly or because the runtime selects it. ## Impact An attacker who controls the initial URL or a redirecting server can cause a fetch-adapter request to follow a redirect even though the caller configured `maxRedirects: 0`. If the redirect target is reachable only from the application environment, this can expose internal responses or trigger state-changing internal endpoints. This should not be described as unconditional SSRF. The bypass requires a redirect source, such as an attacker-controlled server or open redirect, and an application that trusted `maxRedirects: 0` as the redirect guard. ## Affected Functionality Affected: - `adapter: 'fetch'`. - Runtime environments where fetch is selected by adapter resolution. - Requests configured with `maxRedirects: 0` but without `fetchOptions.redirect: 'manual'` or equivalent runtime-specific redirect control. Not affected: - Node HTTP adapter, which enforces `maxRedirects: 0`. - Requests that do not follow redirects in the underlying fetch implementation because the caller explicitly configured fetch redirect

Announced Group revision 1
Original source ↗

GHSA-r4gj-5m52-g5wh

Primary source · Revision 1

Imported from structured advisory data. Source references identify upstream records or fields; verify affected versions and your deployed configuration.

Security context

Source reference: osv:GHSA-r4gj-5m52-g5wh

axios

Source reference: /affected/0/package/name

Affected versions
Not stated in this record
Fixed versions
1.20.0

Source reference: /affected/0/ranges

Prerequisites
Not stated in this record

Structured affected-version data

Original package identities and version rules from this source.

[
  {
    "ranges": [
      {
        "type": "SEMVER",
        "events": [
          {
            "introduced": "1.17.0"
          },
          {
            "fixed": "1.20.0"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "package": {
      "name": "axios",
      "purl": "pkg:npm/axios",
      "ecosystem": "npm"
    },
    "database_specific": {
      "source": "https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/09/GHSA-r4gj-5m52-g5wh/GHSA-r4gj-5m52-g5wh.json"
    }
  }
]
Related CVEs
CVE-2026-101907

Source reference: /aliases

Publisher severity

high

Source reference: /database_specific/severity

Linked CVE context

These ratings describe the referenced vulnerabilities and products. They are not a severity rating for every application using this dependency.

Event
#39283 · Revision 1
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Publisher date
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