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fastify vulnerable to authentication bypass via malformed URLs reaching encapsulated not-found handlers

Type: advisorySource: OSV1 source record

### Impact Fastify routes a malformed URL under one plugin prefix to the custom not-found handler of a different sibling plugin, invoking the handler registered last and skipping the `preHandler` declared in its `setNotFoundHandler()`. When the request method has no route in the main router, a malformed request target reaches Fastify's internal not-found router before URL decoding and is dispatched through a single shared handler pointer, regardless of prefix and without the normal request lifecycle. An unauthenticated request to a public prefix can therefore reach an authentication-protected not-found handler registered under a different prefix and receive its full response, breaking prefix encapsulation and bypassing the authentication hook. Applications whose private or tenant fallbacks return protected data from a not-found handler are affected. ### Patches Patched in fastify 5.12.2. Malformed URLs are now routed through the configured `onBadUrl` and `onMaxParamLength` handlers so they fail closed before any application not-found handler runs, and the shared not-found handler pointer has been removed. ### Workarounds Reject malformed request targets before they reach the application, for example at an upstream proxy or gateway, and do not rely on a not-found handler to serve protected data. A global `onRequest` authentication hook does not mitigate this, because the malformed-URL path skips it.

Announced Source revision 1
Original source ↗

GHSA-p68q-wchp-6fh7

Primary source · Revision 1

Imported from structured advisory data. Source references identify upstream records or fields; verify affected versions and your deployed configuration.

Security context

Source reference: osv:GHSA-p68q-wchp-6fh7

fastify

Source reference: /affected/0/package/name

Affected versions
Not stated in this record
Fixed versions
5.12.2

Source reference: /affected/0/ranges

Prerequisites
Not stated in this record

Structured affected-version data

Original package identities and version rules from this source.

[
  {
    "ranges": [
      {
        "type": "SEMVER",
        "events": [
          {
            "introduced": "4.0.0"
          },
          {
            "fixed": "5.12.2"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "package": {
      "name": "fastify",
      "purl": "pkg:npm/fastify",
      "ecosystem": "npm"
    },
    "database_specific": {
      "source": "https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/09/GHSA-p68q-wchp-6fh7/GHSA-p68q-wchp-6fh7.json"
    }
  }
]
Related CVEs
CVE-2026-76169

Source reference: /aliases

Publisher severity

high

Source reference: /database_specific/severity

Event
#51915 · Revision 1
Added to Heist Feed
Publisher date
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