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fastify vulnerable to header validation bypass via incomplete schema case normalization

Type: advisorySource: OSV1 source record

### Impact Fastify lowercases header-schema property names before compiling the schema, because Node.js stores request header names in lowercase. That normalization was incomplete: it lowercased only top-level `properties` keys and the root `required` array, and did not lowercase the JSON Schema Draft 7 `dependencies` keyword (its trigger keys and dependent property names) or names in nested subschemas. As a result, a header schema that uses `dependencies` to require one header when another is present (for example `X-Admin` requiring `X-Admin-Token`) never matches the lowercased request headers, so the dependency assertion is silently skipped. An unauthenticated remote client can send the header that activates a privileged path while omitting the header the dependency was meant to require, bypassing a schema-enforced security control. The header schema is idiomatic, valid JSON Schema Draft 7, and no custom validator, malformed request, or misconfiguration is required. ### Patches Header-schema names are now normalized across all schema positions (`properties`, `required`, `dependencies`, `dependentRequired`, `dependentSchemas`, and nested subschemas). Patched in fastify `5.12.2`. The fix is also included in the `6.0.0` release. Header schemas referenced through an external shared `$ref` (registered with `addSchema`) are not reached by this normalization and now emit an `FSTSEC002` startup warning; inline the header schema to keep case-insensitive assertions in effect. ### Wor

Announced Source revision 1
Original source ↗

GHSA-9q9j-q6p8-xq58

Primary source · Revision 1

Imported from structured advisory data. Source references identify upstream records or fields; verify affected versions and your deployed configuration.

Security context

Source reference: osv:GHSA-9q9j-q6p8-xq58

fastify

Source reference: /affected/0/package/name

Affected versions
Not stated in this record
Fixed versions
5.12.2

Source reference: /affected/0/ranges

Prerequisites
Not stated in this record

Structured affected-version data

Original package identities and version rules from this source.

[
  {
    "ranges": [
      {
        "type": "SEMVER",
        "events": [
          {
            "introduced": "0"
          },
          {
            "fixed": "5.12.2"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "package": {
      "name": "fastify",
      "purl": "pkg:npm/fastify",
      "ecosystem": "npm"
    },
    "database_specific": {
      "source": "https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/09/GHSA-9q9j-q6p8-xq58/GHSA-9q9j-q6p8-xq58.json"
    }
  }
]
Related CVEs
CVE-2026-84428

Source reference: /aliases

Publisher severity

high

Source reference: /database_specific/severity

Event
#51917 · Revision 1
Added to Heist Feed
Publisher date
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