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DEBIAN-CVE-2026-40261

Type: advisorySource: OSV1 source record

Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::syncCodeBase() method, which appends the $sourceReference parameter to a shell command without proper escaping, and additionally in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method as in GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p / CVE-2026-40176, which interpolates user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) from the source url field without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through crafted source reference or source url values containing shell metacharacters, even if Perforce is not installed. Unlike CVE-2026-40176, the source reference and url are provided as part of package metadata, meaning any compromised or malicious Composer repository can serve package metadata declaring perforce as a source type with malicious values. This vulnerability is exploitable when installing or updating dependencies from source, including the default behavior when installing dev-prefixed versions. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline). If developers are unable to immediately update, they can avoid installing dependencies from source by using --prefer-dist or the preferred-install: dist config setting, and only use trusted Composer repositories as a workaround.

Announced Source revision 1
Original source ↗

DEBIAN-CVE-2026-40261

Primary source · Revision 1

Imported from structured advisory data. Source references identify upstream records or fields; verify affected versions and your deployed configuration.

Security context

Source reference: osv:DEBIAN-CVE-2026-40261

composer

Source reference: /affected/0/package/name

Affected versions
2.5.5-1

Source reference: /affected/0/versions

2.5.5-1+deb12u1

Source reference: /affected/0/versions

2.5.5-1+deb12u2

Source reference: /affected/0/versions

2.5.5-1+deb12u3

Source reference: /affected/0/versions

Fixed versions
2.5.5-1+deb12u4

Source reference: /affected/0/ranges

Prerequisites
Not stated in this record

composer

Source reference: /affected/1/package/name

Affected versions
2.8.8-1

Source reference: /affected/1/versions

2.8.8-1+deb13u1

Source reference: /affected/1/versions

Fixed versions
2.8.8-1+deb13u2

Source reference: /affected/1/ranges

Prerequisites
Not stated in this record

composer

Source reference: /affected/2/package/name

Affected versions
2.8.10-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.8.11-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.8.11-2

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.8.12-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.8.8-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.8.9-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.9.0~rc1-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.9.1-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.9.2-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.9.3-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.9.4-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

2.9.5-1

Source reference: /affected/2/versions

Fixed versions
2.9.7-1

Source reference: /affected/2/ranges

Prerequisites
Not stated in this record

Structured affected-version data

Original package identities and version rules from this source.

[
  {
    "ranges": [
      {
        "type": "ECOSYSTEM",
        "events": [
          {
            "introduced": "0"
          },
          {
            "fixed": "2.5.5-1+deb12u4"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "package": {
      "name": "composer",
      "purl": "pkg:deb/debian/composer?arch=source&distro=bookworm",
      "ecosystem": "Debian:12"
    },
    "versions": [
      "2.5.5-1",
      "2.5.5-1+deb12u1",
      "2.5.5-1+deb12u2",
      "2.5.5-1+deb12u3"
    ],
    "database_specific": {
      "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/debian-osv/debian-cve-osv/DEBIAN-CVE-2026-40261.json"
    },
    "ecosystem_specific": {
      "urgency": "not yet assigned"
    }
  },
  {
    "ranges": [
      {
        "type": "ECOSYSTEM",
        "events": [
          {
            "introduced": "0"
          },
          {
            "fixed": "2.8.8-1+deb13u2"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "package": {
      "name": "composer",
      "purl": "pkg:deb/debian/composer?arch=source&distro=trixie",
      "ecosystem": "Debian:13"
    },
    "versions": [
      "2.8.8-1",
      "2.8.8-1+deb13u1"
    ],
    "database_specific": {
      "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/debian-osv/debian-cve-osv/DEBIAN-CVE-2026-40261.json"
    },
    "ecosystem_specific": {
      "urgency": "not yet assigned"
    }
  },
  {
    "ranges": [
      {
        "type": "ECOSYSTEM",
        "events": [
          {
            "introduced": "0"
          },
          {
            "fixed": "2.9.7-1"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "package": {
      "name": "composer",
      "purl": "pkg:deb/debian/composer?arch=source&distro=forky",
      "ecosystem": "Debian:14"
    },
    "versions": [
      "2.8.10-1",
      "2.8.11-1",
      "2.8.11-2",
      "2.8.12-1",
      "2.8.8-1",
      "2.8.9-1",
      "2.9.0~rc1-1",
      "2.9.1-1",
      "2.9.2-1",
      "2.9.3-1",
      "2.9.4-1",
      "2.9.5-1"
    ],
    "database_specific": {
      "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/debian-osv/debian-cve-osv/DEBIAN-CVE-2026-40261.json"
    },
    "ecosystem_specific": {
      "urgency": "not yet assigned"
    }
  }
]

Publisher severity

No explicit severity was provided.

Event
#56880 · Revision 1
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Publisher date
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