Local File Inclusion (LFI) via Improper URL Handling in uptime-kuma's `Real-Browser` monitor

{
  "id": "25e0921fb71355bf15f7c85c27436eabade2e03576ec33e701d141118abebc65",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2024-56331",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "Local File Inclusion (LFI) via Improper URL Handling in uptime-kuma's `Real-Browser` monitor",
    "summary": "Uptime Kuma is an open source, self-hosted monitoring tool. An **Improper URL Handling Vulnerability** allows an attacker to access sensitive local files on the server by exploiting the `file:///` protocol. This vulnerability is triggered via the **\"real-browser\"** request type, which takes a screenshot of the URL provided by the attacker. By supplying local file paths, such as `file:///etc/passwd`, an attacker can read sensitive data from the server. This vulnerability arises because the system does not properly validate or sanitize the user input for the URL field. Specifically: 1. The URL input (``) allows users to input arbitrary file paths, including those using the `file:///` protocol, without server-side validation. 2. The server then uses the user-provided URL to make a request, passing it to a browser instance that performs the \"real-browser\" request, which takes a screenshot of the content at the given URL. If a local file path is entered (e.g., `file:///etc/passwd`), the browser fetches and captures the file’s content. Since the user input is not validated, an attacker can manipulate the URL to request local files (e.g., `file:///etc/passwd`), and the system will capture a screenshot of the file's content, potentially exposing sensitive data. Any **authenticated user** who can submit a URL in \"real-browser\" mode is at risk of exposing sensitive data through screenshots of these files. This issue has been addressed in version 1.23.16 and all users are advised to upg",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2024-56331",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "medium",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2024-56331",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2024-56331",
        "GHSA-2qgm-m29m-cj2h"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/louislam/uptime-kuma",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "9564550d5fd01daade5b9d0935ca2ac065ea1068"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "5bb329fa0e8af9395911f33d5a6d6bb9b128c0f7"
                },
                {
                  "introduced": "4e144ec71ceb917fd08a1842a5f50538af8e5472"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "6cfae01a0d3727c517afe512fc8fec1d99acf875"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "1.23.0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "1.23.16"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StringRangeExpression"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "= 2.0.0-beta.0"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "= 2.0.0-beta.0"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StandaloneSingleVersion"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "fixed": "6cfae01a0d3727c517afe512fc8fec1d99acf875"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "REFERENCES_COMMIT"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "= 2.0.0-beta.0",
            "1.23.15",
            "1.23.14",
            "1.23.13",
            "1.23.12",
            "1.23.11",
            "1.23.10",
            "1.23.9",
            "1.23.8",
            "1.23.7",
            "1.23.6",
            "1.23.5",
            "1.23.4",
            "1.23.3",
            "1.23.2",
            "1.23.1",
            "1.23.0"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2024-56331.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:30.400772568Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2024/56xxx/CVE-2024-56331.json",
        "https://github.com/louislam/uptime-kuma/security/advisories/GHSA-2qgm-m29m-cj2h",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56331",
        "https://github.com/louislam/uptime-kuma/commit/6cfae01a0d3727c517afe512fc8fec1d99acf875"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-22"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2024/56xxx/CVE-2024-56331.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2024-56331",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 497084,
  "published_at": "2024-12-20T19:48:45.641+00:00"
}