Ghidra < 12.1 - Path Traversal via .gnu_debuglink in DWARF External Debug File Resolution

{
  "id": "669de8f7b103dd2683f23bafb556072d1e172c2fbbce03114bc6ec3220aa5b58",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-49497",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "Ghidra < 12.1 - Path Traversal via .gnu_debuglink in DWARF External Debug File Resolution",
    "summary": "Ghidra before 12.1 contains a path traversal vulnerability in SameDirDebugInfoProvider that fails to validate filenames from ELF binary .gnu_debuglink sections before constructing file paths. Attackers can craft malicious ELF binaries with traversal sequences to probe filesystem existence and leak CRC32 hashes of arbitrary files during automatic DWARF analysis.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-49497",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "medium",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-49497",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-49497",
        "GHSA-57g6-7qw2-p5hx"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V4",
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/nationalsecurityagency/ghidra",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "7e89d94e3478f0b1931c34882a0f606fdb06961f"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "12.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StandardRange"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:nsa:ghidra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "12.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_RANGE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "Ghidra_10.3_build",
            "Ghidra_9.0.1_build"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-49497.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:48.891906337Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/49xxx/CVE-2026-49497.json",
        "https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-57g6-7qw2-p5hx",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49497",
        "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ghidra-path-traversal-via-gnu-debuglink-in-dwarf-external-debug-file-resolution",
        "https://github.com/nationalsecurityagency/ghidra"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-22"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "VulnCheck",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/49xxx/CVE-2026-49497.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-49497",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 517198,
  "published_at": "2026-06-10T12:37:59.471+00:00"
}