vm2 3.9.6 through 3.11.5 Sandbox Escape via node:test

{
  "id": "5c53ddb53cc33a01ef6525986d2d7ac80d8948913f4ba978b2e95c1689c5a37c",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-92948",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "vm2 3.9.6 through 3.11.5 Sandbox Escape via node:test",
    "summary": "vm2 versions >= 3.9.6 and <= 3.11.6 are affected by a NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass that permits a sandbox escape on Node.js 24 and newer when the embedder explicitly allows the node:test builtin (e.g. require: { builtin: ['node:test'] }). On Node.js 24+, module.builtinModules exposes the scheme-only key node:test, which is not covered by vm2's family-based DANGEROUS_BUILTINS protection, so it is stored in the generic host-passthrough loader. Because requireImpl() in lib/setup-node-sandbox.js strips a single 'node:' prefix before the builtin lookup, sandbox code calling require('node:node:test') resolves to the stored node:test key and receives a readonly proxy to the host module. Calls to node:test.run() are forwarded to the host implementation, which spawns a separate Node process for process-isolated test execution and passes through attacker-controlled execArgv values; supplying --eval= therefore executes arbitrary JavaScript in an unrestricted host Node process outside the NodeVM sandbox. Fixed in vm2 3.11.7.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-92948",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "critical",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-92948",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-92948",
        "GHSA-qhwx-74w5-xhxq"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V4",
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "532120d5cdec7da8225fc6242e154ebabc63fe4d"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "0c5b63a228c0af88d4a0d364ab0b90df278d710e"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "3.9.6"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "3.11.7"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StandardRange"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "3.11.6",
            "v3.11.5",
            "v3.11.4",
            "v3.11.3",
            "v3.11.2",
            "v3.11.1",
            "v3.11.0",
            "v3.10.5",
            "v3.10.4",
            "v3.10.3",
            "v3.10.2",
            "v3.10.1",
            "v3.10.0",
            "3.9.19",
            "3.9.18",
            "3.9.17",
            "3.9.16",
            "3.9.15",
            "3.9.14",
            "3.9.13",
            "3.9.12",
            "3.9.11",
            "3.9.10",
            "3.9.9",
            "3.9.8",
            "3.9.7",
            "3.9.6"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-92948.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:49.422028456Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/92xxx/CVE-2026-92948.json",
        "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-qhwx-74w5-xhxq",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92948",
        "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.9.6-through-3.11.5-sandbox-escape-via-node-test"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-693"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "VulnCheck",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/92xxx/CVE-2026-92948.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-92948",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 517989,
  "published_at": "2026-09-17T13:46:08.814+00:00"
}