rcu/rcuscale: Stop kfree_scale_thread thread(s) after unloading rcuscale

{
  "id": "6b0782109ae7d83b3f4611dda31cb157c2db7d71f5b3abda54c66e4ff9fc5a4f",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-53291",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "rcu/rcuscale: Stop kfree_scale_thread thread(s) after unloading rcuscale",
    "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rcu/rcuscale: Stop kfree_scale_thread thread(s) after unloading rcuscale Running the 'kfree_rcu_test' test case [1] results in a splat [2]. The root cause is the kfree_scale_thread thread(s) continue running after unloading the rcuscale module. This commit fixes that isue by invoking kfree_scale_cleanup() from rcu_scale_cleanup() when removing the rcuscale module. [1] modprobe rcuscale kfree_rcu_test=1 // After some time rmmod rcuscale rmmod torture [2] BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffffffc0601a87 #PF: supervisor instruction fetch in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0010) - not-present page PGD 11de4f067 P4D 11de4f067 PUD 11de51067 PMD 112f4d067 PTE 0 Oops: 0010 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI CPU: 1 PID: 1798 Comm: kfree_scale_thr Not tainted 6.3.0-rc1-rcu+ #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 RIP: 0010:0xffffffffc0601a87 Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0xffffffffc0601a5d. RSP: 0018:ffffb25bc2e57e18 EFLAGS: 00010297 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffffffc061f0b6 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff962fd0de RDI: ffffffff962fd0de RBP: ffffb25bc2e57ea8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 000000000000000a R15: 00000000001c1dbe FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff921fa2200000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2023-53291",
    "products": [
      {
        "name": {
          "value": "Kernel",
          "evidence": "/affected/1/package/name"
        },
        "prerequisites": [],
        "fixed_versions": [
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            "evidence": "/affected/1/ranges"
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            "value": "5.15.121",
            "evidence": "/affected/1/ranges"
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          {
            "value": "6.1.39",
            "evidence": "/affected/1/ranges"
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          {
            "value": "6.3.13",
            "evidence": "/affected/1/ranges"
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          {
            "value": "6.4.4",
            "evidence": "/affected/1/ranges"
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        "affected_versions": []
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    "severity": "medium",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2023-53291",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2023-53291"
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      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
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          "package": {
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            "ecosystem": "Linux"
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          "database_specific": {
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      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:44.079035387Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1dd7547c7610723b2b6afe1a3c4ddb2bde63387c",
        "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/23fc8df26dead16687ae6eb47b0561a4a832e2f6",
        "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/29b1da4f90fc42c91beb4e400d926194925ad31b",
        "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/604d6a5ff718874904b0fe614878a42b42c0d699",
        "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b8a6ba524d41f4da102e65f90498d9a910839621",
        "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f766d45ab294871a3d588ee76c666852f151cad9",
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/53xxx/CVE-2023-53291.json",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-53291",
        "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cna_assigner": "Linux",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/53xxx/CVE-2023-53291.json"
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    "related_cves": [
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        "value": "CVE-2023-53291",
        "evidence": "/id"
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    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 511622,
  "published_at": "2025-09-16T08:11:23.666+00:00"
}