Improper neutralization of data URIs allows XSS in rails-html-sanitizer

{
  "id": "82d1629869d0915c3b37918230ea2411eaf190575d23f16a57f1ec8f4af49380",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2022-23518",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "Improper neutralization of data URIs allows XSS in rails-html-sanitizer",
    "summary": "rails-html-sanitizer is responsible for sanitizing HTML fragments in Rails applications. Versions >= 1.0.3, < 1.4.4 are vulnerable to cross-site scripting via data URIs when used in combination with Loofah >= 2.1.0. This issue is patched in version 1.4.4.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2022-23518",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "medium",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2022-23518",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2022-23518",
        "GHSA-mcvf-2q2m-x72m"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/rails/rails-html-sanitizer",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "5c4354db7524b1df891df0a3e29877ce9f7575ca"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "fd63deaeb22e601237d4d4d12014e7ebd410ea9b"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "1.0.3"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "1.4.4"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StringRangeExpression"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails_html_sanitizers:*:*:*:*:*:rails:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "1.0.3"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "1.4.4"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_RANGE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "v1.4.3",
            "v1.4.2",
            "v1.4.1",
            "v1.4.0",
            "v1.3.0",
            "v1.2.0",
            "v1.1.0",
            "v1.0.4",
            "v1.0.3"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2022-23518.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:49.771094116Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://hackerone.com/reports/1694173",
        "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/09/msg00012.html",
        "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00045.html",
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2022/23xxx/CVE-2022-23518.json",
        "https://github.com/rails/rails-html-sanitizer/security/advisories/GHSA-mcvf-2q2m-x72m",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23518",
        "https://github.com/rails/rails-html-sanitizer/issues/135"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-79"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2022/23xxx/CVE-2022-23518.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2022-23518",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 517856,
  "published_at": "2022-12-14T16:22:34.46+00:00"
}