libheif: Wrapped icef compressed-unit range check causes out-of-bounds read in uncompressed HEIF decoder

{
  "id": "b192c1cdc9fa07a427608bcf5ef5368d255d7c4373cdba89f8291fd01802bed9",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-49271",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "libheif: Wrapped icef compressed-unit range check causes out-of-bounds read in uncompressed HEIF decoder",
    "summary": "libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. Prior to version 1.22.1, the uncompressed HEIF decoder validates explicit icef compressed-unit offsets using unit_offset + unit_size. Because the addition can wrap, a crafted HEIF file can pass the range check and then construct a vector from iterators outside the compressed item buffer, producing an out-of-bounds heap read and crash. Version 1.22.1 patches the issue.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-49271",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "medium",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-49271",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-49271",
        "GHSA-r7qj-cg5r-r6vf"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "8027b0a04066b13d07f0e3b9dc8ed9f40530c51d"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "1.22.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StringRangeExpression"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:struktur:libheif:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "1.22.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_RANGE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "v1.22.0",
            "v1.21.2",
            "v1.21.1",
            "v1.21.0",
            "v1.20.1",
            "v1.20.0",
            "v1.19.5",
            "v1.19.4",
            "v1.19.3",
            "v1.19.2",
            "v1.19.1",
            "v1.19.0",
            "v1.18.0",
            "v1.18.0-rc1",
            "v1.17.6",
            "v1.17.5",
            "v1.17.4",
            "v1.17.3",
            "v1.17.2",
            "v1.17.1",
            "v1.17.0",
            "v1.16.2",
            "v1.16.1",
            "v1.16.0",
            "v1.15.2",
            "v1.15.1",
            "v1.15.0",
            "v1.14.2",
            "v1.14.1",
            "v1.14.0",
            "v1.13.0",
            "v1.12.0",
            "v1.11.0",
            "v1.10.0",
            "v1.9.1",
            "v1.9.0",
            "v1.8.0",
            "v1.7.0",
            "v1.3.2",
            "v1.3.1",
            "v1.3.0",
            "v1.2.0",
            "v1.1.0"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-49271.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:41.078673637Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/49xxx/CVE-2026-49271.json",
        "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-r7qj-cg5r-r6vf",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49271"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-125"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/49xxx/CVE-2026-49271.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-49271",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 508758,
  "published_at": "2026-06-19T17:16:20.157+00:00"
}