Libmodsecurity3 has possible bypass of encoded HTML entities

{
  "id": "2cba2e9c00dd5d65f866c63a9c3c79332efe853717fb6ee33214e1ea4d249f7f",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-27110",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "Libmodsecurity3 has possible bypass of encoded HTML entities",
    "summary": "Libmodsecurity is one component of the ModSecurity v3 project. The library codebase serves as an interface to ModSecurity Connectors taking in web traffic and applying traditional ModSecurity processing. A bug that exists only in Libmodsecurity3 version 3.0.13 means that, in 3.0.13, Libmodsecurity3 can't decode encoded HTML entities if they contains leading zeroes. Version 3.0.14 contains a fix. No known workarounds are available.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2025-27110",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2025-27110",
      "aliases": [
        "BIT-modsecurity-2025-27110",
        "BIT-modsecurity2-2025-27110",
        "CVE-2025-27110",
        "GHSA-42w7-rmv5-4x2j"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V4",
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/modsecurity",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "580fe192df1694934f93e3e008058996ea479e35"
                },
                {
                  "last_affected": "580fe192df1694934f93e3e008058996ea479e35"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "= 3.0.13"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "= 3.0.13"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StandaloneSingleVersion"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:trustwave:modsecurity:3.0.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "3.0.13"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "3.0.13"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "3.0.13",
            "= 3.0.13",
            "v3.0.13"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2025-27110.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:37.817222156Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/27xxx/CVE-2025-27110.json",
        "https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-42w7-rmv5-4x2j",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27110",
        "https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/issues/3340"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-172"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/27xxx/CVE-2025-27110.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2025-27110",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 505177,
  "published_at": "2025-02-25T20:00:44.211+00:00"
}