SurrealDB before 2.2.2 CPU Exhaustion via nested FOR loops
SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted.
- Products
- Not specified
- Affected versions
- Not specified
- Fixed versions
- Not specified
- CVEs
- CVE-2025-71397
- Confirmed fixed CVEs
- Not specified
- Updated in this feed
- 4 Nov 2026, 01:10 UTC · Revision 1
Source evidence
SurrealDB before 2.2.2 CPU Exhaustion via nested FOR loops
core-osv · Original sourcePublished 18 Jul 2026, 13:10 UTC
SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted.
osv:CVE-2025-71397
Complete source record
{
"id": "9aae8e174cc88058620fc59fb51bfd68509c30d5679bb49f00e596d88f267dbe",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-71397",
"method": "structured",
"payload": {
"kind": "advisory",
"title": "SurrealDB before 2.2.2 CPU Exhaustion via nested FOR loops",
"summary": "SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted.",
"evidence": "osv:CVE-2025-71397",
"products": [],
"severity": "high",
"structured": {
"id": "CVE-2025-71397",
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-71397",
"GHSA-pxw4-94j3-v9pf"
],
"metrics": [
{
"type": "CVSS_V4",
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
}
],
"affected": [
{
"ranges": [
{
"repo": "https://github.com/surrealdb/surrealdb",
"type": "GIT",
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "a83e960ee5513a3e39c88f312fabba83f8e15322"
},
{
"introduced": "3fe28f57517a5d3255cdbb479c815d8021abf92a"
},
{
"fixed": "b0a15fa3a19ebe2785115c9948dfbde00399adc8"
},
{
"introduced": "0ee8dc2c3ec8e883038d0ee00bbce6a6126fe655"
},
{
"fixed": "e25952a66567ef303ad94908d04146e44a068d01"
}
],
"database_specific": {
"extracted_events": [
{
"cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:surrealdb:surrealdb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"range": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.5"
}
],
"source": "CPE_RANGE"
},
{
"cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:surrealdb:surrealdb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"range": [
{
"introduced": "2.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.5"
}
],
"source": "CPE_RANGE"
},
{
"cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:surrealdb:surrealdb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"range": [
{
"introduced": "2.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.2"
}
],
"source": "CPE_RANGE"
}
]
}
}
],
"versions": [
"v2.2.1",
"v2.1.4",
"v2.0.4",
"v2.2.0",
"v2.1.3",
"v2.1.2",
"v2.1.1",
"v2.1.0",
"v2.0.3",
"v2.0.2",
"v2.0.1",
"v2.0.0",
"v2.0.0-beta.3",
"v2.0.0-beta.2",
"v2.0.0-beta.1",
"v2.0.0-alpha.9",
"v2.0.0-alpha.8",
"v2.0.0-alpha.7",
"v2.0.0-alpha.6",
"v2.0.0-alpha.5",
"v2.0.0-alpha.4",
"v2.0.0-alpha.3",
"v2.0.0-alpha.2",
"v2.0.0-alpha.1",
"v1.0.0",
"v1.0.0-beta.12",
"v1.0.0-beta.11",
"v1.0.0-beta.10",
"v1.0.0-beta.9+20230402",
"v1.0.0-beta.9",
"v1.0.0-beta.8",
"v1.0.0-beta.7",
"v1.0.0-beta.6",
"v1.0.0-beta.5",
"v1.0.0-beta.4",
"v1.0.0-beta.3",
"v1.0.0-beta.2",
"v1.0.0-beta.1",
"v0.3.0",
"v0.1.30",
"v0.1.29",
"v0.1.28",
"v0.1.27",
"v0.1.26",
"v0.1.25",
"v0.1.24",
"v0.1.23",
"v0.1.22",
"v0.1.21",
"v0.1.20",
"v0.1.19",
"v0.1.18",
"v0.1.17",
"v0.1.16",
"v0.1.15",
"v0.1.14",
"v0.1.13",
"v0.1.12",
"v0.1.11",
"v0.1.10",
"v0.1.9",
"v0.1.8",
"v0.1.7",
"v0.1.6",
"v0.1.5",
"v0.1.4",
"v0.1.3",
"v0.1.2",
"v0.1.1",
"v0.1.0"
],
"database_specific": {
"source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2025-71397.json"
}
}
],
"modified": "2026-10-31T02:30:56.624241325Z",
"provider": "osv",
"references": [
"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/71xxx/CVE-2025-71397.json",
"https://github.com/surrealdb/surrealdb/security/advisories/GHSA-pxw4-94j3-v9pf",
"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71397",
"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/surrealdb-before-cpu-exhaustion-via-nested-for-loops"
],
"provider_metadata": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-835"
],
"cna_assigner": "VulnCheck",
"osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/71xxx/CVE-2025-71397.json"
}
},
"related_cves": [
{
"value": "CVE-2025-71397",
"evidence": "/id"
}
],
"security_relevant": true,
"severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
},
"source_id": "core-osv",
"document_id": 499404,
"published_at": "2026-07-18T13:10:15.129+00:00"
}