GDAL Bundled zlib (inftree9.c) Pointer Offset Optimization Undefined Behavior Allows Heap Corruption or Remote Code Execution

{
  "id": "bb92694e1152945f8f130b51f68c7eccd92acfe06c72cd5a72bbcfe5250a9bd9",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-4738",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "GDAL Bundled zlib (inftree9.c) Pointer Offset Optimization Undefined Behavior Allows Heap Corruption or Remote Code Execution",
    "summary": "Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability in OSGeo gdal (frmts/zlib/contrib/infback9 modules). This vulnerability is associated with program files inftree9.C‎. This issue affects gdal: before 3.11.0.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-4738",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "critical",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-4738",
      "aliases": [
        "BIT-gdal-2026-4738",
        "CVE-2026-4738"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V4",
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:A/S:P/AU:Y/R:U/V:C/RE:L/U:Amber"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/osgeo/gdal",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "447eb5238bb6ef2837e68bf2ec742c64007b680b"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "3.11.0"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StandardRange"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "3.11.0"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "DESCRIPTION"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "v3.11.0beta1",
            "v3.8.0RC1",
            "v3.8.0beta1",
            "v3.6.0RC1",
            "v3.5.0RC1",
            "v3.3.0RC1",
            "v3.3.0",
            "v3.3.0beta1",
            "v3.1.0RC1",
            "3.0.3",
            "2.4.4",
            "v2.4.0",
            "v2.3.0beta1"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-4738.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:38.841447293Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/4xxx/CVE-2026-4738.json",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4738",
        "https://github.com/OSGeo/gdal/pull/12244",
        "https://github.com/OSGeo/gdal"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-119"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GovTech CSG",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/4xxx/CVE-2026-4738.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-4738",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 506188,
  "published_at": "2026-03-24T03:18:10.245+00:00"
}