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High

Security advisory

Type: advisorySources: OSVCVE: CVE-2016-2098

Action Pack in Ruby on Rails before 3.2.22.2, 4.x before 4.1.14.2, and 4.2.x before 4.2.5.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Ruby code by leveraging an application's unrestricted use of the render method.

Products
Not specified
Affected versions
Not specified
Fixed versions
Not specified
CVEs
CVE-2016-2098
Confirmed fixed CVEs
Not specified
Updated in this feed
1 Nov 2026, 06:54 UTC · Revision 1

Source evidence

CVE-2016-2098

core-osv · Original source

Published 7 Apr 2016, 23:59 UTC

Action Pack in Ruby on Rails before 3.2.22.2, 4.x before 4.1.14.2, and 4.2.x before 4.2.5.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Ruby code by leveraging an application's unrestricted use of the render method.

osv:CVE-2016-2098
Complete source record
{
  "id": "229970dbec8df355501b5cbb5ee88c7b7cada9fdb7f35c457fb59d32e55de282",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2016-2098",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "CVE-2016-2098",
    "summary": "Action Pack in Ruby on Rails before 3.2.22.2, 4.x before 4.1.14.2, and 4.2.x before 4.2.5.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Ruby code by leveraging an application's unrestricted use of the render method.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2016-2098",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2016-2098",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2016-2098",
        "GHSA-78rc-8c29-p45g"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/rails/rails",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "375d9a0a7fb329b0fbbd75a13e93e53a00520587"
                },
                {
                  "last_affected": "bb382b7aee116446518ca4ed1c6472d6b58f42b5"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.0-NA"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.0-NA"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.0:beta:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.0-beta"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.0-beta"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.0-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.0-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.0-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.0-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.1-NA"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.1-NA"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.1:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.1-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.1-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.1:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.1-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.1-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.1:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.1-rc3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.1-rc3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.1:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.1-rc4"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.1-rc4"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.4"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.4"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.4:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.4-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.4-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.5"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.5"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.6"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.6"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.6:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.6-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.6-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.6:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.6-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.6-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.6:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.6-rc3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.6-rc3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.7"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.7"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.8"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.8"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.9"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.9"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.0.10:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.0.10-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.0.10-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.0-NA"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.0-NA"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.0-beta1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.0-beta1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.0-beta2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.0-beta2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.0-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.0-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.0-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.0-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.2:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.2-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.2-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.2:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.2-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.2-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.2:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.2-rc3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.2-rc3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.4"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.4"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.5"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.5"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.6:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.6-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.6-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.6:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.6-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.6-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.7"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.7"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.7.1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.7.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.8"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.8"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.9:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.9-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.9-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.10:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.10-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.10-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.10:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.10-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.10-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.10:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.10-rc3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.10-rc3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.10:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.10-rc4"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.10-rc4"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.12:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.12-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.12-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.13:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.13-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.13-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.14:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.14-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.14-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.1.14:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.1.14-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.1.14-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.0-beta1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.0-beta1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:beta2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.0-beta2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.0-beta2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:beta3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.0-beta3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.0-beta3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:beta4:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.0-beta4"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.0-beta4"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.0-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.0-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.0-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.0-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.0-rc3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.0-rc3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.1-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.1-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.1-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.1-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.1-rc3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.1-rc3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.1:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.1-rc4"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.1-rc4"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.3"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.3:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.3-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.3-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.4"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.4"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.4:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.4-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.4-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.5"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.5"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.5-rc1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.5-rc1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.5-rc2"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.5-rc2"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:4.2.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "4.2.5.1"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "4.2.5.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "4.0.0-NA",
            "4.0.0-beta",
            "4.0.0-rc1",
            "4.0.0-rc2",
            "4.0.1-NA",
            "4.0.1-rc1",
            "4.0.1-rc2",
            "4.0.1-rc3",
            "4.0.1-rc4",
            "4.0.10-rc1",
            "4.0.2",
            "4.0.3",
            "4.0.4",
            "4.0.4-rc1",
            "4.0.5",
            "4.0.6",
            "4.0.6-rc1",
            "4.0.6-rc2",
            "4.0.6-rc3",
            "4.0.7",
            "4.0.8",
            "4.0.9",
            "4.1.0-NA",
            "4.1.0-beta1",
            "4.1.0-beta2",
            "4.1.0-rc1",
            "4.1.0-rc2",
            "4.1.1",
            "4.1.10-rc1",
            "4.1.10-rc2",
            "4.1.10-rc3",
            "4.1.10-rc4",
            "4.1.12-rc1",
            "4.1.13-rc1",
            "4.1.14-rc1",
            "4.1.14-rc2",
            "4.1.2",
            "4.1.2-rc1",
            "4.1.2-rc2",
            "4.1.2-rc3",
            "4.1.3",
            "4.1.4",
            "4.1.5",
            "4.1.6-rc1",
            "4.1.6-rc2",
            "4.1.7",
            "4.1.7.1",
            "4.1.8",
            "4.1.9-rc1",
            "4.2.0-beta1",
            "4.2.0-beta2",
            "4.2.0-beta3",
            "4.2.0-beta4",
            "4.2.0-rc1",
            "4.2.0-rc2",
            "4.2.0-rc3",
            "4.2.1",
            "4.2.1-rc1",
            "4.2.1-rc2",
            "4.2.1-rc3",
            "4.2.1-rc4",
            "4.2.2",
            "4.2.3",
            "4.2.3-rc1",
            "4.2.4",
            "4.2.4-rc1",
            "4.2.5",
            "4.2.5-rc1",
            "4.2.5-rc2",
            "4.2.5.1"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2016-2098.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-24T10:30:46.327180445Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://groups.google.com/forum/message/raw?msg=rubyonrails-security/ly-IH-fxr_Q/WLoOhcMZIAAJ",
        "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40086/"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "unresolved_ranges": [
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "vendor_product": "rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails",
            "extracted_events": [
              {
                "range": [
                  {
                    "last_affected": "3.2.22.1"
                  }
                ],
                "source": "CPE_RANGE"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "vendor_product": "debian:debian_linux",
            "extracted_events": [
              {
                "range": [
                  {
                    "introduced": "8.0"
                  },
                  {
                    "last_affected": "8.0"
                  }
                ],
                "source": "CPE_STRING"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:4.1.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "vendor_product": "rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails",
            "extracted_events": [
              {
                "range": [
                  {
                    "introduced": "4.1.14.1"
                  },
                  {
                    "last_affected": "4.1.14.1"
                  }
                ],
                "source": "CPE_STRING"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2016-2098",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 436313,
  "published_at": "2016-04-07T23:59:06.643+00:00"
}