pgAdmin 4: AI Assistant read-only transaction bypass allows unauthorised writes and remote code execution

{
  "id": "1b36e9ff8698ceb598b79a31b2a4efc4c3585e2ea3b47cf7ddf75c6040fb283f",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-12045",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "pgAdmin 4: AI Assistant read-only transaction bypass allows unauthorised writes and remote code execution",
    "summary": "Read-only transaction bypass in the pgAdmin 4 AI Assistant allows an attacker who can influence database content that the assistant reads to execute arbitrary SQL with the privileges of the pgAdmin user's database role. The AI Assistant's execute_sql_query tool runs LLM-generated SQL inside a BEGIN TRANSACTION READ ONLY wrapper to prevent data modification. The LLM-supplied query was forwarded to the database driver without restriction to a single statement or to read-only verbs, so a multi-statement payload beginning with COMMIT, END, ROLLBACK, or ABORT terminated the read-only transaction and ran subsequent statements in autocommit mode. The trailing ROLLBACK then had no effect. Delivery is via prompt injection: an attacker who can write content into any object the AI Assistant may inspect (a row, a column value, a comment) can cause the LLM to emit the multi-statement payload as a tool call. With ordinary write privileges on the pgAdmin user's role the attacker can perform unauthorised data modification. When the pgAdmin user's role is a PostgreSQL superuser or holds pg_execute_server_program, the chain extends to remote code execution on the database server host via COPY ... TO PROGRAM. Fix validates the LLM-supplied query up front: it must parse to exactly one non-empty / non-comment statement whose leading real token (after stripping whitespace, comments, and punctuation) is one of SELECT, WITH, EXPLAIN, SHOW, VALUES, or TABLE. Transaction-control verbs, DML, DDL, CALL,",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-12045",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "critical",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-12045",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-12045"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V4",
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "5b231ddd3f7aca5d6e7c03c21e7e1bc94b8c3b03"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "888a053231923e6704b56165cf248db056252144"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "bf4792444446f0e7ab721d23cbd6bfe6afaa7a8b"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:pgadmin:pgadmin_4:*:*:*:*:*:postgresql:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "9.13"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "9.16"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_RANGE"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "fixed": "bf4792444446f0e7ab721d23cbd6bfe6afaa7a8b"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "REFERENCES_COMMIT"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "REL-9_15",
            "REL-9_14",
            "REL-9_13"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-12045.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:26.365117236Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/12xxx/CVE-2026-12045.json",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12045",
        "https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10022",
        "https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/bf4792444446f0e7ab721d23cbd6bfe6afaa7a8b",
        "https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-77",
          "CWE-89"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "PostgreSQL",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/12xxx/CVE-2026-12045.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-12045",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 493054,
  "published_at": "2026-06-18T23:37:35.182+00:00"
}