Boruta: Authenticated atom-exhaustion DoS in BorutaIdentityWeb.UserSettingsController.update/2

{
  "id": "d0fb386ee439efb87098bb09458f32a59add3f27604828810057c2eaeb7a0ab3",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-49249",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "Boruta: Authenticated atom-exhaustion DoS in BorutaIdentityWeb.UserSettingsController.update/2",
    "summary": "Boruta is a standalone authorization server that aims to implement OAuth 2.0 and Openid Connect up to decentralized identity specifications. Prior to version 0.10.0, BorutaIdentityWeb.UserSettingsController.update/2 atomizes every key of the user-supplied request body via String.to_atom/1 before any validation. Because String.to_atom interns atoms permanently in the BEAM atom table (default cap 1,048,576 atoms; ERL_MAX_ATOMS), any authenticated end user can send PUT /users/settings with a user[]=... body containing fresh keys per request and exhaust the global VM atom table. Once the table is full, the BEAM aborts with no more index entries in atom_tab and the entire OIDC server (auth, admin, gateway apps in the umbrella) crashes. The route is protected only by require_authenticated_user and a per-IP rate limit of 10 requests/second; a logged-in end user can hit it. The keys are atomized unconditionally before the downstream Accounts.update_user/6 call, so even failing updates contribute to exhaustion. This issue has been patched in version 0.10.0.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-49249",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-49249",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-49249",
        "GHSA-q428-ch8m-94gg"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V4",
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/malach-it/boruta-server",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "6636da08934cd4aea5e19a0147b9e111a6fb3635"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "0.10.0"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StringRangeExpression"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "fixed": "6636da08934cd4aea5e19a0147b9e111a6fb3635"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "REFERENCES_TAG",
                    "original_tag": "0.10.0"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "0.10.0"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "DESCRIPTION"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "0.9.2",
            "0.9.1",
            "0.9.0",
            "0.8.0",
            "0.7.2",
            "0.7.1",
            "0.7.0",
            "0.6.1",
            "0.6.0",
            "0.5.1",
            "0.5.0",
            "0.4.2",
            "0.4.1",
            "0.4.0",
            "0.3.0",
            "0.2.0",
            "0.1.0",
            "Initial"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-49249.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:36.901408611Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/malach-it/boruta-server/releases/tag/0.10.0",
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/49xxx/CVE-2026-49249.json",
        "https://github.com/malach-it/boruta-server/security/advisories/GHSA-q428-ch8m-94gg",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49249"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-400",
          "CWE-770"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/49xxx/CVE-2026-49249.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-49249",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 504278,
  "published_at": "2026-09-02T17:28:32.28+00:00"
}