Remix and React Router allow URL manipulation via Host / X-Forwarded-Host headers

{
  "id": "5ed442af23fa2bf4a74b31e7e5688932d105c916e0eb6daa126de9899430d372",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-31137",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "Remix and React Router allow URL manipulation via Host / X-Forwarded-Host headers",
    "summary": "React Router is a multi-strategy router for React bridging the gap from React 18 to React 19. There is a vulnerability in Remix/React Router that affects all Remix 2 and React Router 7 consumers using the Express adapter. Basically, this vulnerability allows anyone to spoof the URL used in an incoming Request by putting a URL pathname in the port section of a URL that is part of a Host or X-Forwarded-Host header sent to a Remix/React Router request handler. This issue has been patched and released in Remix 2.16.3 and React Router 7.4.1.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2025-31137",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2025-31137",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2025-31137",
        "GHSA-4q56-crqp-v477"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/remix-run/react-router",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "e8e3b004d94a949372e77ce97a543bff5bc6fb89"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "7350eef4e937e910308bcedd8254a4bba53058a6"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "7.0.0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "7.4.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StringRangeExpression"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2025-31137.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:33.372506015Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/31xxx/CVE-2025-31137.json",
        "https://github.com/remix-run/react-router/security/advisories/GHSA-4q56-crqp-v477",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31137"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-444"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "unresolved_ranges": [
          {
            "extracted_events": [
              {
                "range": [
                  {
                    "introduced": "2.11.1"
                  },
                  {
                    "fixed": "2.16.3"
                  }
                ],
                "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                "strategy": "StringRangeExpression"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/31xxx/CVE-2025-31137.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2025-31137",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 500417,
  "published_at": "2025-04-01T18:20:32.66+00:00"
}