compress zstd: Panic on two-block frames

{
  "id": "c0a5210b8f9a2cdf8908143f8f330fbe3fca9d11d61c83b810018d1415102de9",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-fpmh-frq8-7rj8",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "compress zstd: Panic on two-block frames",
    "summary": "### Summary A crafted ~27 KB two-block zstd frame makes DecodeAll and the streaming decoder panic with an out-of-range slice index instead of returning a decode error. The same bytes decode fine with the reference zstd. Any program that decompresses untrusted zstd input can be crashed by it. Reproduced on v1.20.0 and v1.20.1. Released in https://github.com/klauspost/compress/releases/tag/v1.20.2 ### Details The panic is in the FSE decoder that `huff0.ReadTable` uses to read a block's Huffman-weight table. Three conditions have to hold at once, and the crafted frame arranges all three. **1. A count that doesn't fit is accepted.** `readNCount` permits a tableLog up to 15 ([`tablelogAbsoluteMax`](https://github.com/klauspost/compress/blob/v1.20.0/fse/decompress.go#L9), checked at [`fse/decompress.go:54`](https://github.com/klauspost/compress/blob/v1.20.0/fse/decompress.go#L54)), so a symbol's normalized count can reach 32768 (2^15). The count is stored in an `int16` at [`fse/decompress.go:126`](https://github.com/klauspost/compress/blob/v1.20.0/fse/decompress.go#L126), where 32768 wraps to −32768. The validation only looks at the `int32` running totals (`remaining` and `gotTotal`), which still match, so the bad value passes. The crafted second block produces `norm = [0, -32768]`, `symbolLen = 2`. **2. The decode table is built empty, with no error.** In `buildDtable`, −32768 isn't the −1 that flags a low-probability symbol, so it skips that branch, and the spread loop [`for i :=",
    "evidence": "osv:GHSA-fpmh-frq8-7rj8",
    "products": [
      {
        "name": {
          "value": "github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd",
          "evidence": "/affected/0/package/name"
        },
        "prerequisites": [],
        "fixed_versions": [
          {
            "value": "1.20.2",
            "evidence": "/affected/0/ranges"
          }
        ],
        "affected_versions": []
      }
    ],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "GHSA-fpmh-frq8-7rj8",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-116591",
        "GHSA-fpmh-frq8-7rj8"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V4",
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "type": "SEMVER",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "1.20.2"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "package": {
            "name": "github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd",
            "purl": "pkg:golang/github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd",
            "ecosystem": "Go"
          },
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/10/GHSA-fpmh-frq8-7rj8/GHSA-fpmh-frq8-7rj8.json",
            "last_known_affected_version_range": "<= 1.20.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-27T15:47:24.256588090Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/klauspost/compress/security/advisories/GHSA-fpmh-frq8-7rj8",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-116591",
        "https://github.com/klauspost/compress/commit/7f5d8528720c895a6106f201719f87eb030a565d",
        "https://github.com/klauspost/compress",
        "https://github.com/klauspost/compress/releases/tag/v1.20.2"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-190"
        ],
        "severity": "HIGH",
        "github_reviewed": true,
        "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-26T22:16:55Z",
        "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-27T15:38:14Z"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-116591",
        "evidence": "/aliases"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/database_specific/severity"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 462840,
  "published_at": "2026-10-27T15:38:14+00:00"
}