OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo is vulnerable to signature validation bypass

{
  "id": "3a5882cce5e96364b7f9d78a53ef6e311f58e89f69b7a32ff9d4806c5ae6b632",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2023-23940",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo is vulnerable to signature validation bypass",
    "summary": "OpenZeppelin Contracts for Cairo is a library for secure smart contract development written in Cairo for StarkNet, a decentralized ZK Rollup. `is_valid_eth_signature` is missing a call to `finalize_keccak` after calling `verify_eth_signature`. As a result, any contract using `is_valid_eth_signature` from the account library (such as the `EthAccount` preset) is vulnerable to a malicious sequencer. Specifically, the malicious sequencer would be able to bypass signature validation to impersonate an instance of these accounts. The issue has been patched in 0.6.1.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2023-23940",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "medium",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2023-23940",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2023-23940",
        "GHSA-626q-v9j4-mcp4",
        "PYSEC-2023-39"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/openzeppelin/cairo-contracts",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "d3ee30b9368d52d82dc52e2a4e7c9f93a04e171f"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "1f9359219a92cdb1576f953db71ee993b8ef5f70"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0.2.0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "0.6.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StringRangeExpression"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:openzeppelin:contracts:*:*:*:*:*:cairo:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0.2.0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "0.6.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_RANGE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "v0.2.1",
            "v0.2.0"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2023-23940.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:33.781155979Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/cairo-contracts/pull/542/commits/6d4cb750478fca2fd916f73297632f899aca9299",
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/23xxx/CVE-2023-23940.json",
        "https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/cairo-contracts/security/advisories/GHSA-626q-v9j4-mcp4",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23940"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-345",
          "CWE-347"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2023/23xxx/CVE-2023-23940.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2023-23940",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 501094,
  "published_at": "2023-02-03T19:43:11.178+00:00"
}