unbound — security advisory
A multi-vendor cache poisoning vulnerability named 'Rebirthday Attack' has been discovered in caching resolvers that support EDNS Client Subnet (ECS). Unbound is also vulnerable when compiled with ECS support, i.e., '--enable-subnet', AND configured to send ECS information along with queries to upstream name servers, i.e., at least one of the 'send-client-subnet', 'client-subnet-zone' or 'client-subnet-always-forward' options is used. Resolvers supporting ECS need to segregate outgoing queries to accommodate for different outgoing ECS information. This re-opens up resolvers to a birthday paradox attack (Rebirthday Attack) that tries to match the DNS transaction ID in order to cache non-ECS poisonous replies.
- Products
- unbound
- Affected versions
- 1.13.1-1ubuntu1, 1.13.1-1ubuntu3, 1.13.1-1ubuntu5, 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.1, 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.10, 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.2, 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.3, 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.4, 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.5, 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.7, 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.8, 1.17.1-2, 1.18.0-2ubuntu1, 1.18.0-2ubuntu2, 1.19.1-1ubuntu1, 1.19.2-1ubuntu1, 1.19.2-1ubuntu3, 1.19.2-1ubuntu3.1, 1.19.2-1ubuntu3.2, 1.19.2-1ubuntu3.3, 1.19.2-1ubuntu3.4, 1.22.0-1ubuntu1, 1.4.20-1, 1.4.21-1, 1.4.21-1ubuntu1, 1.4.21-1ubuntu2, 1.4.22-1ubuntu1, 1.4.22-1ubuntu2, 1.4.22-1ubuntu3, 1.4.22-1ubuntu4, 1.4.22-1ubuntu4.14.04.1, 1.4.22-1ubuntu4.14.04.2, 1.4.22-1ubuntu4.14.04.3, 1.4.22-1ubuntu4.14.04.3+esm1, 1.4.22-1ubuntu4.14.04.3+esm2, 1.4.22-1ubuntu4.14.04.3+esm3, 1.4.22-1ubuntu4.14.04.3+esm4, 1.4.22-1ubuntu4.14.04.3+esm5, 1.4.22-1ubuntu6, 1.5.7-1ubuntu1, 1.5.7-1ubuntu2, 1.5.8-1ubuntu1, 1.5.8-1ubuntu1.1, 1.5.8-1ubuntu1.1+esm1, 1.5.8-1ubuntu1.1+esm2, 1.5.8-1ubuntu1.1+esm3, 1.5.8-1ubuntu1.1+esm4, 1.5.8-1ubuntu1.1+esm5, 1.6.5-1, 1.6.7-1, 1.6.7-1build1, 1.6.7-1ubuntu1, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.1, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.2, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.3, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.4, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.5, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.6, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.6+esm2, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.6+esm3, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.6+esm4, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.6+esm5, 1.6.7-1ubuntu2.6+esm6, 1.9.0-2ubuntu1, 1.9.0-2ubuntu2, 1.9.4-2, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.1, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.11, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.11+esm1, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.11+esm2, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.11+esm3, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.2, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.3, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.4, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.5, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.6, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.8, 1.9.4-2ubuntu1.9
- Fixed versions
- 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.11, 1.19.2-1ubuntu3.5, 1.22.0-2ubuntu1
- CVEs
- CVE-2025-5994
- Confirmed fixed CVEs
- Not specified
- Updated in this feed
- 31 Oct 2026, 14:34 UTC · Revision 1
Source evidence
A multi-vendor cache poisoning vulnerability named 'Rebirthday Attack' has been discovered in caching resolvers that support EDNS Client Subnet (ECS). Unbound is also vulnerable when compiled with ECS support, i.e., '--enable-subnet', AND configured to send ECS information along with queries to upstream name servers, i.e., at least one of the 'send-client-subnet', 'client-subnet-zone' or 'client-subnet-always-forward' options is used. Resolvers supporting ECS need to segregate outgoing queries to accommodate for different outgoing ECS information. This re-opens up resolvers to a birthday paradox attack (Rebirthday Attack) that tries to match the DNS transaction ID in order to cache non-ECS poisonous replies.
osv:UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5994
unbound
Fixed versions: Not specified
unbound
Fixed versions: Not specified
unbound
Fixed versions: Not specified
unbound
Fixed versions: Not specified
unbound
Fixed versions: 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.11
unbound
Fixed versions: 1.19.2-1ubuntu3.5
unbound
Fixed versions: 1.22.0-2ubuntu1
Complete source record
{
"id": "cd637d31556149725ee8cc20c9ad1814506d5f268dea6ed5cce3602982122feb",
"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5994",
"method": "structured",
"payload": {
"kind": "advisory",
"title": "UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5994",
"summary": "A multi-vendor cache poisoning vulnerability named 'Rebirthday Attack' has been discovered in caching resolvers that support EDNS Client Subnet (ECS). Unbound is also vulnerable when compiled with ECS support, i.e., '--enable-subnet', AND configured to send ECS information along with queries to upstream name servers, i.e., at least one of the 'send-client-subnet', 'client-subnet-zone' or 'client-subnet-always-forward' options is used. Resolvers supporting ECS need to segregate outgoing queries to accommodate for different outgoing ECS information. This re-opens up resolvers to a birthday paradox attack (Rebirthday Attack) that tries to match the DNS transaction ID in order to cache non-ECS poisonous replies.",
"evidence": "osv:UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5994",
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{
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},
{
"name": {
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
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},
{
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},
{
"value": "1.9.4-2",
"evidence": "/affected/3/versions"
},
{
"value": "1.9.4-2ubuntu1",
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},
{
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{
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{
"value": "1.9.4-2ubuntu1.3",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"severity": "high",
"structured": {
"id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5994",
"aliases": [
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],
"metrics": [
{
"type": "CVSS_V4",
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/R:U/V:C"
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},
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},
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],
"database_specific": {
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},
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},
{
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},
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],
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},
"ecosystem_specific": {
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"binary_name": "unbound-anchor",
"binary_version": "1.6.7-1ubuntu2.6+esm6"
},
{
"binary_name": "unbound-host",
"binary_version": "1.6.7-1ubuntu2.6+esm6"
}
]
}
},
{
"ranges": [
{
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"events": [
{
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}
]
}
],
"package": {
"name": "unbound",
"purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/unbound?arch=source&distro=esm-infra%2Ffocal",
"ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS"
},
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"1.9.0-2ubuntu2",
"1.9.4-2",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.1",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.2",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.3",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.4",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.5",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.6",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.8",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.9",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.11",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.11+esm1",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.11+esm2",
"1.9.4-2ubuntu1.11+esm3"
],
"database_specific": {
"source": "https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices/blob/main/osv/cve/2025/UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5994.json"
},
"ecosystem_specific": {
"binaries": [
{
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},
{
"binary_name": "python-unbound",
"binary_version": "1.9.4-2ubuntu1.11+esm3"
},
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"modified": "2026-10-21T16:30:14.919618560Z",
"provider": "osv",
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],
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"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-5994",
"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-5994",
"https://nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2025-5994.txt",
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"evidence": "/upstream"
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],
"security_relevant": true,
"severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
},
"source_id": "core-osv",
"document_id": 394506,
"published_at": "2025-07-17T00:00:00+00:00"
}