Malcolm vulnerable to RCE via unrestricted .php upload to the file-upload component

{
  "id": "e54167ae4775b35f203c2df491ff3a24719c43a288931cbdf518ef35d458586b",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-55676",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "Malcolm vulnerable to RCE via unrestricted .php upload to the file-upload component",
    "summary": "Malcolm is a network traffic analysis tool suite. The file-upload component (FilePond PHP backend) accepts uploads at `POST /server/php/submit.php` and stores them in a directory served by the same nginx and php-fpm instance. The allow-list that should restrict accepted file types is an empty array by default (`file-upload/php/config.php:16`), so the type check is a no-op and every extension is accepted. The filename sanitizer keeps the `.php` extension intact. Committed files land in `/var/www/upload/server/php/files` (`file-upload/php/config.php:7`), and the component's nginx routes any URL ending in `.php` to php-fpm. An authenticated `GET /server/php/files/.php` then executes the uploaded code as `www-data`. Prior to version 26.06.1, in RBAC mode, the upload endpoint is reachable by the granular `ROLE_UPLOAD` role (`nginx/lua/nginx_auth_helpers.lua:71`), a role intended only for submitting capture files. As a result, a user holding the upload-only role runs arbitrary PHP as `www-data` inside the file-upload container. Version 26.06.1 fixes the issue.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-55676",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-55676",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-55676",
        "GHSA-8cvp-m7pg-qrp7"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V4",
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/cisagov/malcolm",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "6a4e6b16b72803562465a7ba3e9135fee733fb89"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "26.06.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StringRangeExpression"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "fixed": "6a4e6b16b72803562465a7ba3e9135fee733fb89"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "REFERENCES_TAG",
                    "original_tag": "v26.06.1"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "26.06.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "DESCRIPTION"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "v26.06.0",
            "v26.05.2",
            "v6.4.2",
            "v6.4.1",
            "v6.4.0",
            "v5.2.4",
            "v5.2.3",
            "v5.2.2",
            "v5.2.1",
            "v3.0.1",
            "v3.0.0",
            "v2.6.1",
            "v2.6.0",
            "v2.5.0",
            "v2.4.2",
            "v2.4.1",
            "v2.4.0.1",
            "v2.4.0",
            "v2.3.0",
            "v2.2.1",
            "v2.2.0",
            "v2.1.1",
            "v2.1.0",
            "v2.0.6",
            "v2.0.5",
            "v2.0.4",
            "v2.0.3",
            "v2.0.2",
            "v2.0.1",
            "v2.0.0",
            "v2.0.0-pre1",
            "v1.8.1",
            "v1.8.0",
            "v1.7.2",
            "v1.7.1a",
            "v1.7.1",
            "v1.7.0",
            "v1.6.0",
            "v1.5.2",
            "v1.5.1",
            "v1.5.0",
            "v1.4.0",
            "v1.3.1",
            "v1.3.0",
            "v1.2.2",
            "v1.2.1",
            "v1.2.0"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-55676.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:48.329044856Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-230-01.json",
        "https://github.com/cisagov/Malcolm/releases/tag/v26.06.1",
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/55xxx/CVE-2026-55676.json",
        "https://github.com/cisagov/Malcolm/security/advisories/GHSA-8cvp-m7pg-qrp7",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55676",
        "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-230-01"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-434"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/55xxx/CVE-2026-55676.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-55676",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 516692,
  "published_at": "2026-08-11T20:24:50.803+00:00"
}