PHPUnit: Argument injection via newline in PHP INI values forwarded to child processes

{
  "id": "2500c3b3cb1f7c4642a2e49885a19daa6c4b22e9ea2b766dce521eb623671ebc",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-41570",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "PHPUnit: Argument injection via newline in PHP INI values forwarded to child processes",
    "summary": "PHPUnit is a testing framework for PHP. In versions 12.5.21 and 13.1.5, PHPUnit forwards PHP INI settings to child processes (used for isolated/PHPT test execution) as -d name=value command-line arguments without neutralizing INI metacharacters. Because PHP's INI parser interprets \" as a string delimiter, ; as the start of a comment, and most importantly a newline as a directive separator, a value containing a newline is parsed by the child process as multiple INI directives. An attacker able to influence a single INI value can therefore inject arbitrary additional directives into the child's configuration, including auto_prepend_file, extension, disable_functions, open_basedir, and others. Setting auto_prepend_file to an attacker-controlled path yields remote code execution in the child process. This issue has been patched in versions 12.5.22 and 13.1.6.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-41570",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-41570",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-41570",
        "GHSA-qrr6-mg7r-m243"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "1b7bd4788966bf1533901808657850b6c7876ec7"
                },
                {
                  "last_affected": "89adcba73441b38db31d5c0473b61e2907311db0"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "= 12.5.21"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "= 12.5.21"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StandaloneSingleVersion"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "= 13.1.5"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "= 13.1.5"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StandaloneSingleVersion"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:phpunit_project:phpunit:12.5.21:*:*:*:*:-:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "12.5.21"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "12.5.21"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:phpunit_project:phpunit:13.1.5:*:*:*:*:-:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "13.1.5"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "13.1.5"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_STRING"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "12.5.21",
            "13.1.5",
            "= 12.5.21",
            "= 13.1.5"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-41570.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:25.192890455Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/41xxx/CVE-2026-41570.json",
        "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/security/advisories/GHSA-qrr6-mg7r-m243",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41570",
        "https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/pull/6592"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-88",
          "CWE-93"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/41xxx/CVE-2026-41570.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-41570",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 491955,
  "published_at": "2026-05-08T14:33:51.63+00:00"
}