Malicious code in llm-nebula (npm)

{
  "id": "14212b2bf3dd9b5288e37c0adc5cf608626ec492b525ae4f3f04f959de30c4cb",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/MAL-2026-17230",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "Malicious code in llm-nebula (npm)",
    "summary": "--- _-= Per source details. Do not edit below this line.=-_ ## Source: amazon-inspector (0eee293a9973027154eea71635c14e8a4cb2ad8a1e4f80a65399ad874afcb669) Package presents itself as an LLM SDK (nebula.js exposes a small client stub) but declares `preinstall: node preinstall.cjs` in package.json, and preinstall.cjs is a ~232KB single-line obfuscated blob that runs automatically on `npm install`. The script wraps its body in a `Function(...)` constructor and uses a custom PRNG-based string decoder (TEA/xorshift-style constants 0x9e3779b9 / 0x243f6a88 / 0x6a09e667) over a packed printable-ASCII string plus a hex-int array to reconstruct characters via `String.fromCharCode`, driving a control-flow-flattened switch dispatcher. Node builtins and method names are resolved dynamically at runtime (e.g. `Ooa8zU[\"Bd5Wj1\"](\"fs\")`) so module ids, filesystem paths, network destinations, and command strings are not visible without executing the decoder. This obfuscation-plus-lifecycle-hook composition is the canonical install-time dropper / RCE shape: the benign-looking library entry serves as a cover story while the hidden preinstall payload runs on any consumer's machine at install time with the user's privileges, capable of arbitrary filesystem, process, and network operations. ## Source: ghsa-malware (74d490ae52177b63247dc6045ff7bdefecafe59a9fee080c7e30baa247245339) Any computer that has this package installed or running should be considered fully compromised. All secrets and keys store",
    "evidence": "osv:MAL-2026-17230",
    "products": [
      {
        "name": {
          "value": "llm-nebula",
          "evidence": "/affected/0/package/name"
        },
        "prerequisites": [],
        "fixed_versions": [],
        "affected_versions": [
          {
            "value": "1.0.0",
            "evidence": "/affected/0/versions"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "severity": "unknown",
    "structured": {
      "id": "MAL-2026-17230",
      "aliases": [
        "GHSA-w7wp-5j6j-rgg5",
        "MAL-2026-17230"
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "type": "SEMVER",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "package": {
            "name": "llm-nebula",
            "purl": "pkg:npm/llm-nebula",
            "ecosystem": "npm"
          },
          "versions": [
            "1.0.0"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "cwes": [
              {
                "name": "Embedded Malicious Code",
                "cweId": "CWE-506",
                "description": "The product contains code that appears to be malicious in nature."
              },
              {
                "name": "Embedded Malicious Code",
                "cweId": "CWE-506",
                "description": "The product contains code that appears to be malicious in nature."
              }
            ],
            "source": "https://github.com/ossf/malicious-packages/blob/main/osv/malicious/npm/llm-nebula/MAL-2026-17230.json",
            "indicators": {
              "evidence_files": [
                {
                  "path": "preinstall.cjs",
                  "tlsh": "07342ac8920e2e45e6228f1b40ddfc8efd20545345ba4efafd66520ad9670e293fbd11",
                  "sha256": "5c8e0e83983ba18c900dc18b67c6e6aa1eff939c0a107f2cbc4d4967f392ebaa"
                }
              ],
              "package_integrity": [
                {
                  "hashes": {
                    "sha1": "b88f909b3890d518bd049b975757380ae59242f7",
                    "sha512_sri": "sha512-/937+hoW4m97kLwTsLfJDFKo/RNcsNFyFh2LnnId7vAG5mQEgC7fAjO2eUc41WmLMN16HYnO8MfwCMLXkotNdg=="
                  },
                  "filename": "llm-nebula-1.0.0.tgz"
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-12T15:45:05.425232513Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://www.npmjs.com/package/llm-nebula/v/1.0.0",
        "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-w7wp-5j6j-rgg5"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "malicious-packages-origins": [
          {
            "id": "IN-MAL-2026-020610",
            "sha256": "0eee293a9973027154eea71635c14e8a4cb2ad8a1e4f80a65399ad874afcb669",
            "source": "amazon-inspector",
            "versions": [
              "1.0.0"
            ],
            "import_time": "2026-09-28T19:40:23.367064504Z",
            "modified_time": "2026-09-28T19:36:11Z"
          },
          {
            "id": "GHSA-w7wp-5j6j-rgg5",
            "ranges": [
              {
                "type": "SEMVER",
                "events": [
                  {
                    "introduced": "0"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "sha256": "74d490ae52177b63247dc6045ff7bdefecafe59a9fee080c7e30baa247245339",
            "source": "ghsa-malware",
            "import_time": "2026-10-12T15:30:17.211961043Z",
            "modified_time": "2026-10-12T15:07:57Z"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": null
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 300009,
  "published_at": "2026-09-28T19:36:11+00:00"
}