Security advisory

{
  "id": "3e17478074b47a7d9be8e019fa3aa8c03ac9f2f50fd0c01545fee8b337c135d6",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2016-0785",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "CVE-2016-0785",
    "summary": "Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.28 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a \"%{}\" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2016-0785",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2016-0785",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2016-0785",
        "GHSA-876p-4wgc-75rx"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/apache/struts",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "2c0a197cea8fdc7d8cda5eeaa15a1c76507ac0a5"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "bbbf43ec59e7bef3b07e9065dc9784c18a95d58b"
                },
                {
                  "introduced": "a40e9a90bf8b5039728ff312852991e7d580bff4"
                },
                {
                  "last_affected": "7a9863169f7d981be0d2d57437974ae2cc0c8bd3"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "2.0.0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "2.3.20.3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_RANGE"
                  },
                  {
                    "cpe": "cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "2.3.21"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "2.3.24.1"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "CPE_RANGE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2016-0785.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-24T10:30:30.688212525Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "unresolved_ranges": [
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "vendor_product": "apache:struts",
            "extracted_events": [
              {
                "range": [
                  {
                    "introduced": "2.0.0"
                  },
                  {
                    "fixed": "2.3.20.3"
                  },
                  {
                    "introduced": "2.3.21"
                  },
                  {
                    "last_affected": "2.3.24.1"
                  }
                ],
                "source": "CPE_RANGE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2016-0785",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 432632,
  "published_at": "2016-04-12T16:59:00.123+00:00"
}