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Pterodactyl's improper JWT scoping allows subuser to upload files when not explicitly granted `file.create` permissions

Type: advisorySources: OSV

Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2, the Wings /upload/file endpoint accepted any valid panel-signed JWT that contained server_uuid, user_uuid, and unique_id claims without checking the token's intended purpose; because the Panel issues JWTs carrying those same claims for lower-privilege operations such as WebSocket authentication and file-download links, an authenticated subuser could reuse one of those tokens (for example a WebSocket token obtained with only the websocket.connect permission) by replaying it against /upload/file to write arbitrary files to the same server, despite never being granted the file.create permission. This issue is fixed in Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2.

Products
Not specified
Affected versions
Not specified
Fixed versions
Not specified
CVEs
CVE-2026-54593
Confirmed fixed CVEs
Not specified
Updated in this feed
3 Nov 2026, 19:10 UTC · Revision 1

Source evidence

Pterodactyl's improper JWT scoping allows subuser to upload files when not explicitly granted `file.create` permissions

core-osv · Original source

Published 28 Jul 2026, 15:42 UTC

Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2, the Wings /upload/file endpoint accepted any valid panel-signed JWT that contained server_uuid, user_uuid, and unique_id claims without checking the token's intended purpose; because the Panel issues JWTs carrying those same claims for lower-privilege operations such as WebSocket authentication and file-download links, an authenticated subuser could reuse one of those tokens (for example a WebSocket token obtained with only the websocket.connect permission) by replaying it against /upload/file to write arbitrary files to the same server, despite never being granted the file.create permission. This issue is fixed in Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2.

osv:CVE-2026-54593
Complete source record
{
  "id": "ef869752540de777aa2e29b50955e947e57ba5a3b98108a66c11a23d1a3e8aa5",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-54593",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "Pterodactyl's improper JWT scoping allows subuser to upload files when not explicitly granted `file.create` permissions",
    "summary": "Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2, the Wings /upload/file endpoint accepted any valid panel-signed JWT that contained server_uuid, user_uuid, and unique_id claims without checking the token's intended purpose; because the Panel issues JWTs carrying those same claims for lower-privilege operations such as WebSocket authentication and file-download links, an authenticated subuser could reuse one of those tokens (for example a WebSocket token obtained with only the websocket.connect permission) by replaying it against /upload/file to write arbitrary files to the same server, despite never being granted the file.create permission. This issue is fixed in Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-54593",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-54593",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-54593",
        "GHSA-8r6w-3qq5-4p4r",
        "GO-2026-6120"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V3",
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "a94b8bdb4e912468af23e70bc137145bc6123ec2"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "7ffcd636310bb72b54bac3280d2a15e727feded7"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "fixed": "1.12.3"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StringRangeExpression"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "fixed": "7ffcd636310bb72b54bac3280d2a15e727feded7"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "REFERENCES_COMMIT"
                  }
                ]
              }
            },
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "d0ddc80844479302abdaf9654de3bacd511c0f5c"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "fixed": "d0ddc80844479302abdaf9654de3bacd511c0f5c"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "REFERENCES_COMMIT"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "v1.12.2",
            "v1.12.1",
            "v1.12.0",
            "v1.11.7",
            "v1.11.6",
            "v1.11.5",
            "v1.11.4",
            "v1.11.3",
            "v1.11.2",
            "v1.11.1",
            "v1.11.0",
            "v1.11.0-rc.2",
            "v1.11.0-rc.1",
            "v1.10.4",
            "v1.10.3",
            "v1.10.2",
            "v1.10.1",
            "v1.10.0",
            "v1.9.2",
            "v1.9.1",
            "v1.9.0",
            "v1.8.1",
            "v1.8.0",
            "v1.7.0",
            "v1.6.6",
            "v1.6.5",
            "v1.6.3",
            "v1.6.2",
            "v1.6.1",
            "v1.6.0",
            "v1.5.1",
            "v1.5.0",
            "v1.4.2",
            "v1.4.1",
            "v1.4.0",
            "v1.3.2",
            "v1.3.1",
            "v1.3.0",
            "v1.2.2",
            "v1.2.1",
            "v1.2.0",
            "v1.1.3",
            "v1.1.2",
            "v1.1.1",
            "v1.1.0",
            "v1.0.3",
            "v1.0.2",
            "v1.0.1",
            "v1.0.0",
            "v1.0.0-rc.7",
            "v1.0.0-rc.6",
            "v1.0.0-rc.5",
            "v1.0.0-rc.4",
            "v1.0.0-rc.3",
            "v1.0.0-rc.1",
            "v0.5.0",
            "v0.4.1-beta",
            "v0.4.0-beta",
            "v0.3.0-beta",
            "v0.2.0-beta",
            "v0.1.2-beta",
            "v0.1.1-beta",
            "v0.1.0-beta",
            "v1.11.13",
            "v1.11.12",
            "v1.11.11",
            "v1.11.10",
            "v1.11.9",
            "v1.11.8",
            "v1.7.2",
            "v1.7.1",
            "v1.6.4",
            "v1.5.6",
            "v1.5.5",
            "v1.5.4",
            "v1.5.3",
            "v1.5.2",
            "v1.4.7",
            "v1.4.6",
            "v1.4.5",
            "v1.4.4",
            "v1.4.3",
            "v1.2.3",
            "v1.0.0-rc.2",
            "v1.0.0-beta.9"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-54593.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:31.483462979Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/54xxx/CVE-2026-54593.json",
        "https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/security/advisories/GHSA-8r6w-3qq5-4p4r",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54593",
        "https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/commit/7ffcd636310bb72b54bac3280d2a15e727feded7",
        "https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/pull/5636",
        "https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings/commit/d0ddc80844479302abdaf9654de3bacd511c0f5c"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-1259",
          "CWE-1270"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "GitHub_M",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/54xxx/CVE-2026-54593.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-54593",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 498642,
  "published_at": "2026-07-28T15:42:56.971+00:00"
}