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High

Security advisory

Type: advisorySources: OSVCVE: CVE-2026-13149

brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.

Products
Not specified
Affected versions
Not specified
Fixed versions
Not specified
CVEs
CVE-2026-13149
Confirmed fixed CVEs
Not specified
Updated in this feed
2 Nov 2026, 22:41 UTC · Revision 1

Source evidence

CVE-2026-13149

core-osv · Original source

Published 30 Jun 2026, 08:30 UTC

brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.

osv:CVE-2026-13149
Complete source record
{
  "id": "3bd70ed04f8a6031d354a9a326222c18d30f9c0edf4e9662808c57e3801eaa94",
  "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2026-13149",
  "method": "structured",
  "payload": {
    "kind": "advisory",
    "title": "CVE-2026-13149",
    "summary": "brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.",
    "evidence": "osv:CVE-2026-13149",
    "products": [],
    "severity": "high",
    "structured": {
      "id": "CVE-2026-13149",
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2026-13149",
        "GHSA-3jxr-9vmj-r5cp"
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "type": "CVSS_V4",
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber"
        }
      ],
      "affected": [
        {
          "ranges": [
            {
              "repo": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion",
              "type": "GIT",
              "events": [
                {
                  "introduced": "0"
                },
                {
                  "fixed": "c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754"
                }
              ],
              "database_specific": {
                "extracted_events": [
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "introduced": "0"
                      },
                      {
                        "last_affected": "5.0.6"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "AFFECTED_FIELD",
                    "strategy": "StandardRange"
                  },
                  {
                    "range": [
                      {
                        "fixed": "c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754"
                      }
                    ],
                    "source": "REFERENCES_COMMIT"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ],
          "versions": [
            "v5.0.6",
            "v5.0.5",
            "v5.0.4",
            "v5.0.3",
            "v5.0.2",
            "v4.0.1",
            "v1.1.11",
            "v2.0.1",
            "v3.0.0",
            "v4.0.0",
            "v2.0.0",
            "1.1.11",
            "v1.1.10",
            "v1.1.9",
            "v1.1.8",
            "v1.1.7",
            "v1.1.6",
            "v1.1.5",
            "v1.1.4",
            "v1.1.3",
            "v1.1.2",
            "v1.1.1",
            "v1.1.0",
            "v1.0.1",
            "v1.0.0"
          ],
          "database_specific": {
            "source": "https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-13149.json"
          }
        }
      ],
      "modified": "2026-10-28T02:30:23.941410230Z",
      "provider": "osv",
      "references": [
        "https://registry.npmjs.org",
        "https://www.npmjs.com/package/brace-expansion",
        "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/13xxx/CVE-2026-13149.json",
        "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13149",
        "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754",
        "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion"
      ],
      "provider_metadata": {
        "cwe_ids": [
          "CWE-400",
          "CWE-407"
        ],
        "cna_assigner": "seal",
        "osv_generated_from": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/13xxx/CVE-2026-13149.json"
      }
    },
    "related_cves": [
      {
        "value": "CVE-2026-13149",
        "evidence": "/id"
      }
    ],
    "security_relevant": true,
    "severity_evidence": "/severity/0/score"
  },
  "source_id": "core-osv",
  "document_id": 490615,
  "published_at": "2026-06-30T08:30:34.502+00:00"
}